Red & White Patches

White Patches (Leukoplakia)

Leukoplakia is a clinical term used to describe adherent white patches on the membranes of the oral cavity, including the tongue. The clinical appearance is highly variable, hence it is wise to seek an appointment with an experienced dental surgeon should you feel any discomfort with regards to your oral health.

Causes

Leukoplakia is primarily caused by the use of tobacco (Smoking). Other possible etiological agents implicated is alcohol.

5% to 25% of leukoplakias are premalignant (leading to cancer) lesions; therefore, all leukoplakias should be treated as premalignant lesions by dentists and physicians - they require in depth evaluation or biopsy.

Treatment

The treatment of leukoplakia mainly involves avoidance of several factors - tobacco cessation, quitting smoking, quitting betel chewing, abstinence from alcohol - and avoidance of chronic irritants, e.g., the sharp edges of teeth.

Red Patches (Erythroplakia)

Erythroplakia is a flat red patch or lesion (abnormal tissue) in the mouth.

Causes

Erythroplakia has an unknown cause but researchers presume it is commonly associated with smoking. It is mostly found in elderly men around the ages of 65 - 74.

Alcohol and tobacco use have been described as risk factors.

Treatment

Treatment involves biopsy of the lesion (abnormal tissue) to identify extent of abnormal development. Complete excision of the lesion is sometimes advised depending on the histopathology found in the biopsy. Even in these cases, recurrence of the erythroplakia is common and, thus, long-term monitoring is needed.

If you find any abnormal red or white patches in your tongue or mouth, please seek an appointment with our dental surgeons to ascertain your oral conditions.

If you find any abnormal red or white patches in your tongue or mouth, please seek an appointment with our dental surgeons to ascertain your oral conditions.